Acne

Overview

Acne is a common condition, which most of us have dealt with at some point in our lives. Acne, or acne vulgaris, is a skin condition where the pores and hair follicles of the skin get clogged with sebum, which is an oily, wax textured substance secreted from the skin glands. Although the face is the most commonly affected part, acne can occur anywhere on the body like the chest, shoulders and upper back. 

 

Acne is mainly of two types, comedogenic and non-comedogenic. Comedogenic acne is mainly non-inflammatory and can be seen in the form of whiteheads and blackheads. Non-comedogenic acne, on the other hand, is inflammatory and may be red, pus-filled, and painful.

 

The treatment of acne comprises topical, systemic, and lifestyle remedies. In topical remedies, your doctor will prescribe ointments or cleansers. Systemic therapy consists of either antibiotics or hormonal preparations to keep the acne at bay. Lifestyle changes for acne majorly include a clean diet, better hydration and regular exercise. Timely treatment of acne can be of great help in preventing acne scars in future. 

Key Facts

Usually seen in

Usually seen in

Children between 13 to 18 years of age

Adults between 25 to 40 years of age   

Gender affected

Gender affected

Both men and women but more common in women

Body part(s) involved

Body part(s) involved

Skin

Prevalence

Prevalence

Worldwide: 9.4% (2015)

Mimicking Conditions

Mimicking Conditions

Acne keloidalis nuchae

Acneiform eruptions

Folliculitis

Perioral dermatitis

Rosacea

Sebaceous hyperplasia

Syringoma

Tuberous sclerosis

Hidradenitis suppurativa

 

Necessary health tests/imaging

Necessary health tests/imaging

Luteinising Hormone

Follicle Stimulating Hormone

Dehydroepiandrosterone(DHEA)

Treatment

Treatment

Retinoids: Retinoic acid,

Tretinoin & Adapalene

Antimicrobials: Azelaic acid

Topical antibiotics: Clindamycin & Azithromycin

Anti-acne agents: Salicylic acid

Systemic antibiotics: Doxycycline & Minocycline 

Oral Isotretinoin